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Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP)
Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP)
| Availability |
Please visit this website for more information about the instrument: Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation
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| Classification |
Supplemental: Mitochondrial Disease (Mito) and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Exploratory: Cerebral Palsy (CP), Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)-Pediatric, and Sport-Related Concussion (SRC) Subacute (after 72 hours to 3 months) and Persistent/Chronic (3 months and greater post-concussion)
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| Short Description of Instrument |
The CASP is a parent/guardian report that was designed to identify factors that influence a child's participation in activities in multiple settings including home, school, and community. The measure has 20 items which address social and leisure activities, school activities, independent and daily living activities.
4 Subsections:
The instrument is appropriate for use with school-aged children. The CASP is completed by the parent/guardian and takes 10 to 15 minutes.
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| Comments/Special Instructions |
Self-administration and interviewer administration options.
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| Scoring and Psychometric Properties |
Scoring: Twenty items are rated on a 4-point Likert scale (age expected, somewhat limited, very limited, unable). A score on a 100-point scale is generated by summing the scores, dividing the sum by the sum of all applicable items, and multiplying by 100. Higher scores indicate greater age-expected participation. Subsection scores can also be determined.
Psychometric Properties:
The CASP has reported evidence of test re-test reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.94), internal consistency (alpha >= 0.96) and construct and discriminant validity. Moderate correlations were found between the CASP scores and scores from measures of functional activity performance (r=0.51 to 0.75; Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Index [PEDI], Haley, Coster, Ludlow, Haltiwanger, & Andrellos, 1998), extent of child impairment (r=-0.58 to -0.66; Child and Adolescent Factors Inventory [CAFI], Bedell, 2004; 2009), and problems in the physical and social environment (r= -0.43 to -0.57; Child and Adolescent Scale of Environment [CASE], Bedell, 2004; 2009).
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| Rationale/Justification |
Strengths: "The CASP has been used in studies with children and youth with TBI in the U.S. and worldwide." - McCauley et al., 2012
Translation in Spanish, French, German, Hebrew, and Mandarin.
Weaknesses: The utility of the CASP for sport-related concussion is not clear. The CASP has been used in one study of pediatric concussion (not sport-related concussion-specific) and did not discriminate between youth with concussion and youth with orthopedic injury.
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| References |
Key References:
Bedell G. (2011). The Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP): Administration and scoring guidelines. Retrieved 21Oct2022 from
Bedell G. Further validation of the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP). Dev Neuro Rehabil. 2009;12(5):342-51.
McDougall J, Bedell G, Wright V. The youth report version of the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP): Assessment of psychometric properties and comparison with parent report. Child: Care, Health and Development. 2013;39(4):512-22.
Additional References:
Bedell GM. Developing a follow-up survey focused on participation of children and youth with acquired brain injuries after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. NeuroRehabilitation. 2004;19(3):191-205.
Bedell GM, Dumas HM. Social participation of children and youth with acquired brain injuries discharged from inpatient rehabilitation: a follow-up study. Brain Inj. 2004 Jan;18(1):65-82.
Elliott SN, Gresham FM, Freeman T, McCloskey G. Teacher and Observer Ratings of Children's Social Skills: Validation of the Social Skills Rating Scales. J Psychoeduc Assess. 1988 Jun;6(2):152-61.
Galvin J, Froude EH, McAleer J. Children's participation in home, school and community life after acquired brain injury. Aus Occup Ther J. 2010 Apr;57(2):118-26.
McCauley SR, Wilde EA, Anderson VA, Bedell G, Beers SR, Campbell TF, Chapman SB, Ewing-Cobbs L, Gerring JP, Gioia GA, Levin HS, Michaud LJ, Prasad MR, Swaine BR, Turkstra LS, Wade SL, Yeates KO; Pediatric TBI Outcomes Workgroup. Recommendations for the use of common outcome measures in pediatric traumatic brain injury research. J Neurotrauma. 2012 Mar 1;29(4):678-705.
Shultz EL, Hoskinson KR, Keim MC, Dennis M, Taylor HG, Bigler ED, Rubin KH, Vannatta K, Gerhardt CA, Stancin T, Yeates KO. Adaptive functioning following pediatric traumatic brain injury: Relationship to executive function and processing speed. Neuropsychology. 2016 Oct;30(7):830-40.
Wells R, Minnes P, Phillips M. Predicting social and functional outcomes for individuals sustaining paediatric traumatic brain injury. Dev Neurorehabil. 2009 Feb;12(1):12-23.
Ziviani J, Desha L, Feeney R, Boyd R. Measures of Participation Outcomes and Environmental Considerations for Children With Acquired Brain Injury: A Systematic Review. Brain Impair. 2010 Sep;11(2):93-112.
Document last updated March 2024
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